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from: Brigham Young University–Hawaii
Tuvalu, formerly known as theEllice Islands,
is a Polynesian island nation located in the Pacific Ocean, midway between Hawaii and Australia. It comprises three reef islands and six true atolls spread out between the latitude of 5° to 10° south and longitude of 176° to 180°, west of the International Date Line. Its nearest neighbours are Kiribati, Nauru, Samoa and Fiji. The total land area of the islands of Tuvalu is 26 square kilometres (10 sq mi). The first inhabitants of Tuvalu were Polynesians. The pattern of settlement that is believed to have occurred is that the Polynesians spread out from Samoa and Tonga into the Tuvaluan atolls, with Tuvalu providing a stepping stone to migration into the Polynesian Outlier communities in Melanesia and Micronesia. In 1568, Spanish navigator Álvaro de Mendaña was the first European to sail through the archipelago, sighting the island of Nui during his expedition in search of Terra Australis. Tuvalu became fully independent within the Commonwealth on 1 October 1978.
é um Estado da Polinésia formado por um grupo de nove ilhas e atóis, antigamente chamadoIlhas Ellice.O atol de Funafuti, principal centro do arquipélago, é formado por mais de 30 ilhas. Tem fronteiras marítimas com o Kiribati, a norte e a nordeste; com o território neozelandês de Tokelau, a leste; com Samoa, a sudeste; com o território francês de Wallis e Futuna a sul; e com Fiji, também a sul. Fica estrategicamente localizado no sul da Oceania. A oeste o vizinho mais próximo são as Ilhas Salomão, mas a distância entre os dois grupos de ilhas é considerável (cerca de 900 quilômetros). O nome "Tuvalu" significa "grupo de oito", na língua tuvaluana, e simboliza suas oito ilhas que originalmente eram habitadas.